Login Form In PHP And MySQL
Last Updated : Mar 11, 2024
IN - PHP MySQL | Written & Updated By - Ashish
In this article we will show you the solution of login form in PHP and MySQL, the use of user authentication is very common in modern web applications. On a website, it is a security mechanism used to prevent unauthorized access to member-only areas and tools.
In this tutorial, you will learn how to set up a simple registration and login system using PHP and MySQL.
There are two parts to this tutorial: the first is about creating a user registration form, and the second is about creating a login form, a welcome page and a logout script.
We will now discuss the idea of how to create login form in using php and mysql in php with an example.
Step By Step Guide On Login Form In PHP And MySQL :-
Login.php
<?php
// Initialize the session
session_start();
// Check if the user is already logged in, if yes then redirect him to welcome page
if(isset($_SESSION["loggedin"]) && $_SESSION["loggedin"] === true){
header("location: welcome.php");
exit;
}
// Include config file
require_once "config.php";
// Define variables and initialize with empty values
$username = $password = "";
$username_err = $password_err = $login_err = "";
// Processing form data when form is submitted
if($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST"){
// Check if username is empty
if(empty(trim($_POST["username"]))){
$username_err = "Please enter username.";
} else{
$username = trim($_POST["username"]);
}
// Check if password is empty
if(empty(trim($_POST["password"]))){
$password_err = "Please enter your password.";
} else{
$password = trim($_POST["password"]);
}
// Validate credentials
if(empty($username_err) && empty($password_err)){
// Prepare a select statement
$sql = "SELECT id, username, password FROM users WHERE username = ?";
if($stmt = mysqli_prepare($link, $sql)){
// Bind variables to the prepared statement as parameters
mysqli_stmt_bind_param($stmt, "s", $param_username);
// Set parameters
$param_username = $username;
// Attempt to execute the prepared statement
if(mysqli_stmt_execute($stmt)){
// Store result
mysqli_stmt_store_result($stmt);
// Check if username exists, if yes then verify password
if(mysqli_stmt_num_rows($stmt) == 1){
// Bind result variables
mysqli_stmt_bind_result($stmt, $id, $username, $hashed_password);
if(mysqli_stmt_fetch($stmt)){
if(password_verify($password, $hashed_password)){
// Password is correct, so start a new session
session_start();
// Store data in session variables
$_SESSION["loggedin"] = true;
$_SESSION["id"] = $id;
$_SESSION["username"] = $username;
// Redirect user to welcome page
header("location: welcome.php");
} else{
// Password is not valid, display a generic error message
$login_err = "Invalid username or password.";
}
} else{
echo "Oops! Something went wrong. Please try again later.";
}
// Close statement
mysqli_stmt_close($stmt);
}
}
// Close connection
mysqli_close($link);
}
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Login</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<style>
body{ font: 14px sans-serif; }
.wrapper{ width: 360px; padding: 20px; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="wrapper">
<h2>Login</h2>
<p>Please fill in your credentials to login.</p>
<?php
if(!empty($login_err)){
echo '<div class="alert alert-danger">' . $login_err . '</div>';
}
?>
<form action="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]); ?>" method="post">
<div class="form-group">
<label>Username</label>
<input type="text" name="username" class="form-control <?php echo (!empty($username_err)) ? 'is-invalid' : ''; ?>" value="<?php echo $username; ?>">
<span class="invalid-feedback"><?php echo $username_err; ?></span>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Password</label>
<input type="password" name="password" class="form-control <?php echo (!empty($password_err)) ? 'is-invalid' : ''; ?>">
<span class="invalid-feedback"><?php echo $password_err; ?></span>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Login">
</div>
<p>Don't have an account? <a href="register.php">Sign up now</a>.</p>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Welcome.php
<?php
// Initialize the session
session_start();
// Check if the user is logged in, if not then redirect him to login page
if(!isset($_SESSION["loggedin"]) || $_SESSION["loggedin"] !== true){
header("location: login.php");
exit;
}
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Welcome</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<style>
body{ font: 14px sans-serif; text-align: center; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<h1 class="my-5">Hi, <b><?php echo htmlspecialchars($_SESSION["username"]); ?></b>. Welcome to our site.</h1>
<p>
<a href="reset-password.php" class="btn btn-warning">Reset Your Password</a>
<a href="logout.php" class="btn btn-danger ml-3">Sign Out of Your Account</a>
</p>
</body>
</html>
Logout.php
<?php
// Initialize the session
session_start();
// Unset all of the session variables
$_SESSION = array();
// Destroy the session.
session_destroy();
// Redirect to login page
header("location: login.php");
exit;
?>
Reset-password.php
<?php
// Initialize the session
session_start();
// Check if the user is logged in, otherwise redirect to login page
if(!isset($_SESSION["loggedin"]) || $_SESSION["loggedin"] !== true){
header("location: login.php");
exit;
}
// Include config file
require_once "config.php";
// Define variables and initialize with empty values
$new_password = $confirm_password = "";
$new_password_err = $confirm_password_err = "";
// Processing form data when form is submitted
if($_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] == "POST"){
// Validate new password
if(empty(trim($_POST["new_password"]))){
$new_password_err = "Please enter the new password.";
} elseif(strlen(trim($_POST["new_password"])) < 6){
$new_password_err = "Password must have atleast 6 characters.";
} else{
$new_password = trim($_POST["new_password"]);
}
// Validate confirm password
if(empty(trim($_POST["confirm_password"]))){
$confirm_password_err = "Please confirm the password.";
} else{
$confirm_password = trim($_POST["confirm_password"]);
if(empty($new_password_err) && ($new_password != $confirm_password)){
$confirm_password_err = "Password did not match.";
}
}
// Check input errors before updating the database
if(empty($new_password_err) && empty($confirm_password_err)){
// Prepare an update statement
$sql = "UPDATE users SET password = ? WHERE id = ?";
if($stmt = mysqli_prepare($link, $sql)){
// Bind variables to the prepared statement as parameters
mysqli_stmt_bind_param($stmt, "si", $param_password, $param_id);
// Set parameters
$param_password = password_hash($new_password, PASSWORD_DEFAULT);
$param_id = $_SESSION["id"];
// Attempt to execute the prepared statement
if(mysqli_stmt_execute($stmt)){
// Password updated successfully. Destroy the session, and redirect to login page
session_destroy();
header("location: login.php");
exit();
} else{
echo "Oops! Something went wrong. Please try again later.";
}
// Close statement
mysqli_stmt_close($stmt);
}
}
// Close connection
mysqli_close($link);
}
?>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Reset Password</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<style>
body{ font: 14px sans-serif; }
.wrapper{ width: 360px; padding: 20px; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="wrapper">
<h2>Reset Password</h2>
<p>Please fill out this form to reset your password.</p>
<form action="<?php echo htmlspecialchars($_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]); ?>" method="post">
<div class="form-group">
<label>New Password</label>
<input type="password" name="new_password" class="form-control <?php echo (!empty($new_password_err)) ? 'is-invalid' : ''; ?>" value="<?php echo $new_password; ?>">
<span class="invalid-feedback"><?php echo $new_password_err; ?></span>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label>Confirm Password</label>
<input type="password" name="confirm_password" class="form-control <?php echo (!empty($confirm_password_err)) ? 'is-invalid' : ''; ?>">
<span class="invalid-feedback"><?php echo $confirm_password_err; ?></span>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="Submit">
<a class="btn btn-link ml-2" href="welcome.php">Cancel</a>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</body>
</html>
- Session_start() is used at the beginning of the code to initialize the session.
- By checking whether the $_SESSION["loggedin"] variable is already set to true, the code checks whether the user is already logged in. In case the user responds yes, the header() function is used to reroute them to the welcome.php page, and the exit command stops the code from continuing.
- There is a config.php file included that contains information about the database connection.
- There are five variables defined: username, password, username_err, password_err, and login_err, and they are all initialized to empty values.
- In order to determine if the form was submitted using the POST method, the $_SERVER["REQUEST_METHOD"] variable is used.
- Upon checking the username field for empty values, it sets the variable $_POST to an error message.
- As a similar check, the password field is examined if it is empty and an error message is displayed if it is.
- When there are no errors in the username and password fields, the SQL query is prepared to retrieve the user details.
- A user-defined variable named $param_username is bound to the prepared statement and set to the username variable.
- In this case, mysqli_stmt_execute() is used to execute the SQL statement.
- In MySQL, the results are stored using the mysqli_stmt_store_result() method.
- The password_verify() function checks if the username exists in the database and, if so, verifies that the password is correct.
- By using session_start(), a new session will be started if the password is accurate.
- The session variables $_SESSION["loggedin"), $_SESSION["id"), and $_SESSION["username") store information about the users.
- After the header() function has been called, the user is redirected to welcome.php.
- A generic error message will be set in $login_err if the password is incorrect.
- It displays an error message if there is an error retrieving the data.
- In this operation, the prepared statement is closed using the mysqli_stmt_close function.
- A database connection is closed using the mysqli_close() function.
- Upon clicking submit, the HTML form appears.
- An error message will be displayed using the echo statement if there is an error during login.
- PHP_SELF indicates the current page's action with htmlspecialchars($_SERVER["PHP_SELF"]).
- There are appropriate error messages and class descriptions displayed for the username and password fields.
- Upon submitting the form, the submit button appears.
- Registration is accessible via a link on the page.
Conclusion :-
As a result, we have successfully learned how to create login form using php and mysql in php with example.
As you can see from the tutorial, I explained how to create a Login System using HTML, PHP, and MySQL.
Creating a login system is simple, and you can add other features later on, including resetting passwords, forgetting passwords, verifying email addresses, and editing user profiles.
I hope this article on login form in PHP and MySQL helps you and the steps and method mentioned above are easy to follow and implement.
About Ashish
